Announcement PDF Globe Metals & Mining Limited ABN 33 114 400 609 45 Ventnor Avenue West Perth WA 6005 ASX: GBE +61 8 6118 7240 info@globemm.com globemm.com ASX Announcement 29 October 2024 Correction to ASX announcement: Investor Presentation – Roadshow The ASX announcement titled ‘Investor Presentation – Roadshow’ on 28 October 2024 has been amended as follows: INVESTOR PRESENTATION • Slides 35 and 36 in the Appendix to the Investor Presentation (peer-to-peer Niobium flowsheet comparison and sources) have been removed. • Slides 37 and 38 are re-numbered accordingly. This announcement has been authorised for release by the Company Secretary, Paul Hardie. For further information, please contact: Globe Metals & Mining Limited Media & Investor Enquiries Paul Smith Chief Executive Officer P: +61 8 6118 7240 E: paul.smith@globemm.com The Capital Network Julia Maguire P: +61 2 7257 7338 E: julia@thecapitalnetwork.com.au Developing a globally significant Niobium mine in Malawi, Africa Globe Metals & Mining Limited (ASX:GBE, G4U:FWB) Investor presentation October 2024 Important legal information This Presentation has been prepared by Globe Metals & Mining Limited ABN 33 114 400 609 (Globe or the Company). The information in this Presentation is an overview and does not contain all information necessary for making investment decisions. In making investment decisions, investors should rely on their own examination of the Company and the Kanyika Niobium Project and consult their own legal, technical, business and/or financial advisers. The information contained in this Presentation has been prepared in good faith by Globe, however no representation or warranty expressed or implied is made as to the accuracy, correctness, completeness or adequacy of any statements, estimates, options, or other information contained in this presentation. To the maximum extent permitted by law, Globe, its Directors, officers, employees and agents disclaim liability for any loss or damage which may be suffered by any person relying on anything contained in or omitted from this Presentation. Certain information in this Presentation may refer to the intentions of Globe with respect to the Kanyika Niobium Project, but these are not intended to be forecasts, forward looking statements or statements about the future matters for the purposes of the Corporations Act or any other applicable law. The occurrence of the events in the future are subject to risk, uncertainties and other actions that may cause Kanyika Niobium Project’s actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from the results, performance or achievements implied by the forward-looking statements. Such factors include, but are not limited to, general economic, market and business conditions, market prices for niobium and tantalum, demand for niobium and tantalum, niobium and tantalum supply, obtaining additional debt and equity funding (as required), concluding of off-take agreements, obtaining of all necessary permits for development and production as and when required, estimation of resources and reserves, development and production costs, processing recoveries transportation delays and costs, risks and uncertainties related to construction and commissioning, delays in construction of the mining and processing operations, accidents, equipment breakdowns, title matters, labour disputes, environmental issues and local community issues involving relocation of project affected people or other unanticipated difficulties with, or interruptions in, development or production, exchange rate fluctuations, and risks and uncertainties associated with doing business in Africa. An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer In addition, there may be information herein that is information about prospective results of operations, financial position or cash flows and which is provided only to assist in an evaluation of the Kanyika Niobium Project outlined herein but are not to be relied upon as accurate representations of future results and may not be appropriate for any other purpose. This Presentation contains certain forward-looking statements and comments about future matters. Forward-looking statements can generally be identified using forward-looking words such as, “expect”, “anticipate”, “likely”, “intend”, “should”, “could”, “may”, “predict”, “plan”, “propose”, “will”, “believe”, “forecast”, “estimate”, “target” “outlook”, “continue”, “guidance” and other similar expressions. The forward-looking statements including statements regarding our intent, belief or current expectations with respect to Kanyika Niobium Project’s performance, market, political, social and environmental conditions, additional feasibility work, improvements and updates, project configuration, construction and commissioning costs and timelines, and general risks and uncertainties. Readers are cautioned not to place reliance on these forward-looking statements. While due care has been used in the preparation of forecast information, actual results may vary in a materially positive or negative manner. Any such statements, targets, opinions and estimates in this Presentation speak only as of the date hereof and are based on assumptions and contingencies subject to significant uncertainties or change without notice. Forecasts and hypothetical examples are subject to uncertainty and contingencies often outside Globe’s control. The information in this presentation is current as at the date of the publication of this presentation. There can be no assurance that actual outcomes will not differ materially from these forward-looking statements. Except as required by law or regulation (including the ASX Listing Rules), Globe undertakes no obligation to supplement, revise or update forward-looking statements in the future, regardless of whether new information, future events or results or other factors affect the information contained in this Presentation. ASX GBE | 2 Globe Metals & Mining Limited (ASX:GBE, G4U:FWB) Globe is an emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer • Has the first globally significant niobium mine in 50 years • Aims to be the second vertically integrated Niobium oxide player globally • Kanyika project is well-advanced and development-ready Globe's Kanyika Niobium Project is located in Malawi, Africa • Malawi, in southeastern Africa, offers stable investment opportunities, notably in mining • Malawi is backed by transparent regulations and abundant mineral resources like niobium, uranium, and rare earth minerals. Niobium top of the critical metal list EU, US, Japan, and India and Australia • Niobium has many in-demand properties including electronic characteristics, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, strength, weldability, and lightweight • Key economic importance and significant dependency on imports, into the Western world. An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer ASX GBE | 3 Kanyika Niobium Project - Malawi, Africa Globe's niobium oxide product meets specialty metal sector demands and caters to the emerging energy transition market An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer ASX GBE | 4 Investment highlights Creating a better future for all stakeholders through responsible and sustainable acquisition and development of critical metal projects in Africa • Strategic investment partner sought to develop Globe’s Kanyika niobium project in Malawi • Bottom quartile cost project with a focus on sustainable mining principles • De-risked, phased development plan • Forecast project IRR of 35% and NPV of US$878 million • In-country beneficiation using HF/SX refinery process • Situated in a conflict-free zone, ensuring metals' origin is fully auditable RESERVES AND RESOURCES 27-year life of mine JORC-COMPLIANT (using a 1,500 ppm Nb205 cut-off grade) Resources 68.3Mt at grades of: - 2,830ppm Nb2O5 - 135 ppm Ta2O5 Measured 5.3Mt at grades of: 3,790 ppm Nb2O5 & 180 ppm Ta2O5 Indicated 47.0Mt at grades of: 2,860 ppm Nb2O5 & 135 ppm Ta2O5 Reserves 33.8Mt at grades of: - 3,038ppm Nb2O5 -141 ppm Ta2O5 Inferred 16.0Mt at grades of: 2,430 ppm Nb2O5 & 120 ppm Ta2O5 Total 68.3Mt at grades of: 2,830 ppm Nb2O5 & 135 ppm Ta2O5 • Fully permitted - Mining Licence, Mine Development Agreement and all environmental and land approvals in place FINANCIAL INDICATORS *pre-tax • Rapid growing global demand for high-purity niobium oxide driven by new battery technologies, alloys, superconductors and electroceramics in aerospace and defense industries NPV8* US$878m IRR* 34.51% Revenue (life of mine) US$4.98bn • As only the second vertically-integrated niobium Gross margin oxide producer Globe offers mitigation against potential supply risk – c.92% of current global Free cash flow* (life of mine) production is from two mines Payback period An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer 64.71% US$3.2bn PHASED PROJECT DEVELOPMENT PHASE 1 (PILOT PHASE) • 10% of full production • Estimated capital cost - US$46m • Development and construction - 15 months • Commission mine, concentrator and HF/SX refinery in Malawi • First production – Q1 2026 • Annual production - 313tpa Nb2O5, 14tpa Ta2O5 • Fully permitted and shovel-ready PHASE 2 • • • • • Estimated capital cost - US$250m Targeted development – Q2 2026 Development and construction time – 24 months Full production – Q3 2028 Annual production - 3,155tpa Nb2O5, 142tpa Ta2O5 6.6 years Source: ASX on 19 August 2021 titled “Kanyika Niobium Project – Project Feasibility and Economics” ASX on 5 February 2024 titled “Robust Optimisation Study results support Globe’s Kanyika Niobium Project. ASX GBE | 5 Corporate overview Share price Market capitalisation $A0.037 A$25.6m A$-m 22 October 2024 22 October 2024 Debt Shares on issue 30 June 2024 Cash Various options 692.15m A$1.1m 30m 22 October 2024 22 October 2024 30 June 2024 52 week high $0.072, low $0.030 Share register Figures shown are approximate as at 22 October 2024 Holder Name APOLLO METALS INVESTMENT COMPANY LIMITED AO-ZHONG INTERNATIONAL MINERALRE SOURCES PTY LTD TRIPLE TALENT ENTERPRISES LTD BNP PARIBAS NOMINEES PTY LTD <CLEARSTREAM> PATRAS CAPITAL PTE LTD Total Total issued capital Holding 351,405,158 118,143,062 % IC 50.77% 17.07% 69,428,662 15,908,416 10.03% 2.30% 14,000,000 568,885,298 692,153,010 2.02% 82.19% 100.00% An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer ASX GBE | 6 Globe Metals and Mining’s Board Alice Wong Bo Tan Ricky Lau Michael Barrett Michael Choi OAM Non-Executive Chairperson Non-Executive Director Non-Executive Director Non-Executive Director Non-Executive Director Ms. Alice Wong is an accountant by training and commenced her business career with Price Waterhouse. After more than a decade in the investment banking industry in Asia working for large multinational companies including Morgan Stanley, ABN AMRO Rothschild, and BNP Paribas Peregrine, Ms. Wong extended her entrepreneurial endeavor into luxury products and healthcare businesses. A Canadian national, Mr Tan has approximately 20 years’ experience as a senior manager and director in financial planning, reporting, investment, capital structure and industrial research. Worked for companies such as Bohai Industrial Investment Fund, Lehman Brothers Asia and Macquarie Securities Asia, and across international markets in China, Hong Kong, Canada and USA Mr Lau has over 20 years of experience in the private equity industry in Asia and is presently the Managing Partner of Crane Capital Limited, a regional real estate private equity company based in Hong Kong. Mr Lau has received an Executive MBA degree from Kellogg-HKUST and graduated with honors from the Sauder School of Business at the University of British Columbia. Mr Barrett is a Chartered Accountant with over 30 years’ international experience in strategy, capital markets, investor relations, and risk management. Mr Barrett held senior mining sector roles in Western Australia, including with Rio Tinto Iron Ore and WMC Resources Ltd before he took the position of Chief Financial Officer of Rio Tinto’s US energy business in Wyoming and Denver from 2004 to 2015. Mr Choi has over 30 years’ experience in business ownership and management, and was a Member of the Queensland Parliament for 11 years between 2001 and 2012. He was at one stage the Assistant Minister for Mines and Energy and Assistant Minister for Trade. Mr Choi is the founding managing director of a company in property development, project and development management as well as construction management An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer ASX GBE | 7 Globe Metals and Mining’s Management Paul Smith Rex Zietsman Charles Altshuler Paul Hardie Chief Executive Officer Chief Technical Officer Chief Financial Officer General Counsel & Company Secretary Mr Smith has over 30 years’ experience as a senior mining industry executive across exploration, feasibility, project development, and operations management on a global platform. He has extensive experience with start-up and turnaround strategies, leveraging significant expertise in stockbroking, corporate finance, and project funding in delivering key business objectives. Mr Smith has previously held senior executive positions with Aquarius Platinum Limited (now part of Sibanye Stillwater Limited), Weiszwe Platinum Limited, and more recently Impala Platinum Holdings Limited. Mr Zietsman has over 35 years’ experience as a Chemical Engineer with extensive engineering and project management experience across a broad range of industries and commodities including rare earths, niobium, tantalum, uranium, phosphoric acid, and biomass renewable energies. Prior to joining Globe, Mr Zietsman held senior project management and technical roles with Bikita Minerals in Zimbabwe and consulting roles with Tantalite Resources and Frontier Rare Earths in South Africa, and the Botswana Development Corporation. Mr Zietsman holds a BSc Eng (chem) and an MBA from the University of Cape Town, South Africa. An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer Mr Altshuler has over 18 years’ experience as a Chartered Accountant (CA ANZ and CA SA) and holds an Australian MBA, and advanced project management qualifications from Stanford University. Prior to joining Globe, Mr Altshuler held senior finance positions in Anglo American and other large corporations in various industries in South Africa, and more recently was the Chief Financial Officer of an ASX-listed pharmaceuticals company. Mr Altshuler has extensive experience in capital raises, off-take agreements, introduction of strategic investors, mergers and acquisitions, post-merger synergies, and cost reduction projects. Mr Hardie has more than 20 years’ professional, corporate, and business experience in senior legal and corporate advisory roles, as well as a range of executive management and non-executive appointments. His extensive boardroom experience includes ASX-listed entities, unlisted public companies, and proprietary organisations across different industries including mining and resources, manufacturing, technology, and financial services. Prior to joining Globe, Mr Hardie was part of the mergers and acquisitions team at a top-tier national law firm before establishing his own commercial law ASX GBE | 8 Globe Metals and Mining’s Management Grant Hudson David Young Louis Schoeman Rogerio Pastore Regional Advisor – Southern Africa Chief Consultant Geologist Project Director Senior Marketing Consultant Mr Hudson is an experienced business executive with decades of experience working in sub-Saharan Africa. He is also a former CEO of Bikita Minerals (Zimbabwe) and the former Chief Executive Officer of Globe and as such is ideally suited to his new role as Regional Advisor for the Group. In this position he will focus primarily on the critical area of community and Government relations in Malawi and will have oversight of the Malawi administrative functions. In addition, Mr Hudson will look at new business opportunities in the region and continue to serve on Globe’s executive Committee. Mr Young has more than 50 years’ experience in the minerals and mining arena across a broad spectrum of metals and mining industries, with particular expertise in commodities and their methods of exploration, evaluation, mining, and valuation. Prior to joining Globe, Mr Young worked as a production geologist in the mining industry before jointly founding a mineral consulting company in Johannesburg specialising in providing geological investment advice, and working as an Independent Consultant Geologist in Cape Town, South Africa. An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer Mr Schoeman has more than 25 years’ experience in project management, construction management, and contract management in the chemical, industrial, and mining industries on engineering projects in Africa and Australia. Prior to joining Globe, Mr Schoeman held senior project management positions in various construction and engineering companies and is seasoned specifically in project execution of both greenfields and brownfields projects. Louis has a National Higher Diploma in Mechanical Engineering from Vaal University of Technology (formerly Vaal Triangle Technikon). Mr Pastore is a seasoned global executive with over 25 years’ experience in the steel and mining industries. His expertise encompasses strategic development, business model innovation, go-to-market strategies, and market development across more than 50 countries. Prior to joining Globe, Mr Pastore held key leadership roles in prominent organisations like Gerdau and CBMM, where he was recognized for his ability to manage multicultural teams and navigate complex international markets. ASX GBE | 9 Globe’s relative value to peers Niobium stocks - relative value 400 Index (Jul-23+100) 350 WA Resources Market Caps: Globe Metals - A$26.3m NioCorp - A$110.1m1 WA Resources - A$1.0b 300 250 200 150 Globe Metals & Mining 100 50 NioCorp 0 20-Aug-24 28-Jul-24 5-Jul-24 12-Jun-24 20-May-24 27-Apr-24 4-Apr-24 12-Mar-24 18-Feb-24 26-Jan-24 3-Jan-24 11-Dec-23 18-Nov-23 26-Oct-23 3-Oct-23 10-Sep-23 18-Aug-23 26-Jul-23 3-Jul-23 Sources: ASX; NASDAQ, Yahoo Finance; The Capital Network 1. Based on an A$/US$ exchange rate of US$0.67 An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer ASX GBE | 10 Corporate overview Globe’s unique point of difference is that we focus on the specialty oxide markets 01 02 03 04 05 Low mining cost JORC 2012 defined Efficient concentration Efficient HF/SX refining Serving a speciality market Shallow, open-cast mining (low mining costs) and less than 1 stripping ratio in Phase 1. Globe total cash cost - $US 18,900/t (Nb205). Cash margin > 65%. Large resource base and long mine life Economic mineral processing and optimised oxide floatation, producing circa 20% Nb2O5 concentrate. Well-known and well-understood refining technology The high-purity Niobium oxide products will be sold into the specialty metals markets, realizing premium prices over the ferroniobium market. The oxide market includes all oxide grades from standard grade up to optical grades of 99.99% Nb205, thus facilitating prices over US$50/kg. Mineral Resources 68.3Mt (refer to slide 5 for a detailed breakdown of measured, indicated and inferred resources) Ore Reserves 33.8Mt An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer Efficient – HF/SX To produce highpurity refined oxide products Source: ASX on 19 August 2021 titled “Kanyika Niobium Project – Project Feasibility and Economics” ASX on 5 February 2024 titled “Robust Optimisation Study results support Globe’s Kanyika Niobium Project. ASX GBE | 11 The project Kanyika Niobium Project - Malawi, Africa Kanyika Niobium Project - Malawi, Africa Malawi, in southeastern Africa, offers stable investment opportunities, notably in mining, backed by transparent regulations and abundant mineral resources like niobium, uranium, and rare earth minerals. The new mining ministry demonstrates skills in technical expertise, regulatory compliance, project and stakeholder management, risk, financial management, communication, and problem-solving. Project location Politically, Malawi enjoys peaceful transitions, improving democratic governance, combats corruption, and upholds civil liberties, fostering investment, development, and social stability. Malawi has not experienced significant civil unrest, armed conflicts, or political violence in recent history. Malawi is a trusted destination by large mining companies: Rio Tinto acquired a 15% stake in Sovereign Metals (Rutile & Graphite) for $27.6m. Located in central Malawi. An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer Signing ceremony for the Mining Development Agreement between Globe and Malawi Government : 29 March 2023 ASX GBE | 13 Kanyika Mine Phase One: Saleable start-up operations Malawi mining: Phase One- 86,000t of ore per annum > Open pit mining Crushing Milling Flotation Drying Concentrate Sale and trucking “Free dig” mining Primary jaw and secondary cone EDS mill Single stage: Rougher, scavenger and cleaners Locally produced biomass as fuel Contains radioactive nuclides Bulk bags loaded onto flat bed trucks Load and haul Ball mill Malawi refinery: Phase One- 313t of Niobium Oxide per annum > > > > HF + H2SO4 Solvent Extraction Precipitation and Filtration Drying and Calcination Sale and Trucking Digestion of the concentrate Extraction or niobium and tantalum into purified tantalum and niobium fluoride streams Precipitation with aqueous ammonia into niobium and tantalum hydroxides Drying and calcination of hydroxides to high purity oxides Products drummed and submitted for road and air transport with hydrofluoric and sulphuric acids An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer ASX GBE | 14 Globe’s commitment to ESG practices & policies A prerequisite for project funding Globe's niobium oxide product meets specialty metal sector demands, caters to the emerging energy transition market and is non-radioactive • The Kanyika Niobium Project adopts innovative, eco-friendly production techniques, reducing waste and promoting ESG values. • Engages in community programs, promotes renewables, and plans biomass use, aligning with sustainability goals, creating over 100 jobs in phase 1. • Niobium's qualities make it environmentally friendly, enhancing project sustainability. • Dry tailings disposal minimizes environmental impact. • Overall, the project aims for economic growth, community improvement, and environmental stewardship in Malawi. Image: 10-ton sample extraction on 3 May 2023 An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer ASX GBE | 15 Financial metrics Completed Optimization Study Confirming robust financial and technical outcomes Metrics • Pre-tax NPV at an 8% discount rate stands at US$878 ROM Ore production million with an impressive pre-tax IRR of 34.59%. ROM Grade (Nb205) • Total Free Cash Flow (pre-tax) throughout the Life of Mine (LOM) amounts to US$3,172 million. • Payback period is estimated at 6.6 years. • Revenue over the LOM is projected to reach US$4,984 million with a Gross Margin of US$3,225 million, equivalent to 64.70%. • EBIT over the LOM is forecasted at US$2,359 million, while net profit before tax is estimated at US$3,198 million. • After taxation, net profit is projected at US$2,229 million. • The total unit cost per kg of Nb2O5 at US$22.28. • The selling price of Nb2O5 is anticipated to be US$51 per kg. Concentrate production Concentrate grade Refined Nb205 Refined Ta205 Annual Turnover Annual EBITDA Capital Cost (Mine & Concentrator) Capital Cost (Refinery) Total Capital cost Operating Cost (Mine & Concentrator) Operating Cost (Refinery) Total operating costs Project NPV pre tax (8%) IRR An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer Units Phase One Phase Two ktpa 81 1,459 ppm 4,933 3,166 ktpa 1.5 18.9 % 20% 18% tons/year 292 3,396 tons/year 13 147 US$m 18 214 US$m 7 103 US$m US$m US$m US$/kg (Nb205) US$/kg (Nb205) US$/kg (Nb205) US$m % 15 14 35 205 111 316 11.18 6.57 12.18 9.54 23.36 72 14.49% 16.11 878 34.85% Metrics NPV 8% (pre-tax) IRR (pre-tax) Closing cash balance (LOM) Total FCF pre tax (LOM) Life of Mine Payback period )Yrs) Revenue (LOM) Cost of goods sold (LOM) Gross Margin (LOM) Units US$m % US$m US$m Years Years US$m US$m US$m 2024 Update 878 34.51% 2,618 3,173 25 6.68 4,984 1,759 3,225 Gross Margin (LOM) EBIT (LOM) Net profit before tax (LOM) % US$m US$m 64.71% 2,359 3,199 Tax (LOM) US$m 969 Net profit after tax (LOM) US$m 2,230 Total ore mined tons m Total ore including waste mined tons m Total concentrate produced Tons (000's) Total Nb205 production Tons (000's) Total Ta205 production Tons (000's) Total unit cost US$ Total unit cost including waste US$ Total unit cost (Per kg of Nb205) US$ Selling price of Nb205 (Per kg) US$ 33.8 87.1 439.1 79.0 3.4 52.04 20.20 22.27 51.00 ASX GBE | 17 Niobium market Niobium market opportunity Niobium top of the critical metal list EU, US, Japan, and India and Australia When metals make critical lists in the USA and Europe, they are deemed essential for national security and economic stability but have at-risk supply chains. This status triggers diverse support mechanisms: • In the USA, support includes federal grants and loans from agencies like the DOE and DoD, public-private partnerships providing financial and technical support, the Critical Materials Institute's efforts in diversifying supply and improving recycling, and the Defense Production Act, which prioritizes critical materials production. • In Europe, funding comes from initiatives like the European Innovation Partnership and Horizon Europe, focusing on securing raw material sources and increasing self-sufficiency. The European Raw Materials Alliance and the European Battery Alliance enhance resource sustainability and support critical raw materials for transitions in energy and technology. • Both regions aim to decrease import reliance, particularly from geopolitically sensitive areas, by fostering a complete, domestic supply chain that encourages innovation and sustainable practices. An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer Exploration drilling on the Kanyika resource ASX GBE | 19 Niobium market applications In addition to ferroniobium’s (65% niobium) use in the production of High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steel • Niobium oxide presents a promising solution for aerospace and battery technology due to its exceptional properties. It’s weldability and fabricability enable the production of complex aerospace parts precisely. • Its high strength-to-weight ratio makes it vital in aerospace design, ensuring structural integrity while reducing weight. Additionally, its stability at high temperatures suits components in jet engines and rocket propulsion systems. • Moreover, niobium oxide finds application in ophthalmic lenses, providing high refractive indices and low specific gravity, ideal for vision correction. Superconductors, capacitors and the nuclear industry all benefit from Niobium. An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer • In battery technology, niobium oxide offers greener, cheaper, and cobalt-free alternatives with rapid charging in under 10 minutes, enhanced energy density, and stability over 10,000 charging cycles. • This technology is crucial for round-the-clock supply chain operations, where rapid charging ensures heightened productivity. Electric mining trucks utilizing niobium oxide technology eliminate fossil fuel dependency, allowing efficient operation with rapid charging cycles. • Overall, niobium oxide's versatile properties offer transformative solutions in aerospace, battery technology, and beyond. ASX GBE | 20 Potential customers and offtakes A shortage of supply but plenty customers 01 03 02 Electronics Manufacturers Significant players in consumer electronics, telecommunications, and semiconductor manufacturing. 05 04 Optical Coating Companies Catalyst Manufacturers Superconductor Manufacturer Catering to applications in photography, aerospace, defense, and telecommunications. Key in petroleum refining, petrochemical production, and chemical processes. Essential for MRI machines, particle accelerators, and magnetic levitation systems. 06 Battery Manufacturer Advanced Materials Companies Attracting interest for electric vehicles, consumer electronics, and energy storage systems. Incorporating niobium oxide into composite materials and coatings An emerging vertically-integrated niobium producer 07 Traders in the Niobium Oxide Market On 2nd Sep 2024 the company signed a letter of intent with Affilips N.V. for up to 100 tonnes of refined high purity Niobium Pentoxide. The letter of intent outlines the framework for both parties to negotiate a binding offtake agreement for 32% of Phase 1 production. ASX GBE | 21 Niobium market dynamics The market is moving in Niobium’s direction due to its properties Niobium properties include heat resistance, corrosion resistance, strength, weldability, and being lightweight. These are metals that have economic importance, as well as significant dependency on imports. 01 02 Market trends: East versus West Market trends: Supply Chain Market trends: Technology and ESG • Brazil's dominance (only 3 current players worldwide) in global supply poses risks, spurring the US and Europe to seek alternative mining. China invests in Brazilian firms for diversification. • AI will transform data analysis, industry 4.0, and robotics, leading to exponential growth in data centers where capacitors are crucial. • Asian urbanization, especially in China and India, will drive consumption growth with expanding middle classes. • This rise in prospe